================================================================================================
Union plain (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=2:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          59             89          20          0.3        2958.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                           29             41          10          0.7        1439.9       2.1X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=4:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          35             47          12          1.1         882.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                           29             48          15          1.4         733.6       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=8:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          49             61           9          1.6         612.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                           44             55           8          1.8         553.2       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=16:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          90            117          20          1.8         563.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                           66             84          13          2.4         414.7       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=32:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         178            203          19          1.8         556.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                          132            143          10          2.4         413.3       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=64:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1435           1437           4          0.4        2241.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                          339            349          10          1.9         530.3       4.2X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=128:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        2833           3008         248          0.5        2213.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                          925            933           8          1.4         722.5       3.1X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=256:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        6822           6844          32          0.4        2664.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                         2915           2988         102          0.9        1138.8       2.3X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=512:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       20404          20460          79          0.3        3985.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                        10992          11066         104          0.5        2146.8       1.9X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=1024:                      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       67396          67410          19          0.2        6581.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                        43669          46828        4467          0.2        4264.5       1.5X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=2:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          15             20           5          1.4         734.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                           13             17           4          1.5         645.2       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=4:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          22             27           6          1.8         561.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                           20             22           2          2.0         496.4       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=8:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          39             42           3          2.0         488.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                           34             36           2          2.4         420.6       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=16:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          79             84           5          2.0         494.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                           65             70           4          2.5         405.5       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=32:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         180            186           5          1.8         561.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                          143            148           4          2.2         445.6       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=64:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1319           1360          58          0.5        2061.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                          368            374           4          1.7         574.6       3.6X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=128:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        2783           2890         152          0.5        2174.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                         1055           1069          20          1.2         824.2       2.6X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=256:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        7484           7516          46          0.3        2923.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                         3864           3925          86          0.7        1509.6       1.9X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=512:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       22172          22429         364          0.2        4330.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                        13129          13554         601          0.4        2564.2       1.7X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=1024:              Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       75362          75783         595          0.1        7359.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                        51240          53747        3544          0.2        5003.9       1.5X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=2:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          17             21           4          1.2         830.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                           15             18           3          1.3         753.2       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=4:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          26             29           4          1.6         639.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                           23             25           1          1.7         581.2       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=8:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          45             48           3          1.8         566.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                           40             42           2          2.0         494.8       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=16:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          92             98           9          1.7         574.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                           78             82           3          2.0         489.0       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=32:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         215            219           4          1.5         673.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                          172            177           4          1.9         536.3       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=64:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1352           1379          37          0.5        2113.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                          438            442           4          1.5         684.1       3.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=128:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        3785           3835          70          0.3        2957.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                         1281           1297          24          1.0        1000.4       3.0X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=256:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        9790           9806          23          0.3        3824.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                         4042           4201         225          0.6        1578.7       2.4X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=512:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       25662          26059         562          0.2        5012.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                        14046          14380         472          0.4        2743.4       1.8X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=1024:              Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       81522          82208         970          0.1        7961.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                        64561          67106        3600          0.2        6304.7       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=2:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          68             89          21          0.3        3409.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                           49             65          13          0.4        2430.2       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=4:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          62             90          16          0.6        1559.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                           64             96          19          0.6        1590.6       1.0X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=8:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         129            169          19          0.6        1608.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                           71             86          11          1.1         890.2       1.8X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=16:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         147            207          27          1.1         920.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                          129            144          12          1.2         804.3       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=32:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         323            342          18          1.0        1010.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                          292            325          29          1.1         913.7       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=64:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1702           1868         235          0.4        2658.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                          705            709           6          0.9        1100.8       2.4X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=128:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        4076           4123          67          0.3        3184.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                         2028           2139         157          0.6        1584.5       2.0X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=256:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       11047          11073          36          0.2        4315.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                         6465           6497          45          0.4        2525.4       1.7X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=512:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       34298          34363          91          0.1        6698.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                        23836          25124        1822          0.2        4655.5       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.0.11+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=1024:     Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                      116468         117298        1174          0.1       11373.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                        93686          97399        5251          0.1        9149.0       1.2X


