================================================================================================
Union plain (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=2:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          52             74          17          0.4        2598.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                           26             38           6          0.8        1313.5       2.0X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=4:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          32             42           5          1.2         809.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                           31             41           5          1.3         776.9       1.0X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=8:                         Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          54             63           6          1.5         672.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                           42             54           7          1.9         522.9       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=16:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          93            112          15          1.7         583.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                           71             88          12          2.2         445.8       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=32:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         183            205          19          1.7         572.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                          146            156           9          2.2         455.8       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=64:                        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1226           1291          93          0.5        1915.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                          364            384          22          1.8         568.3       3.4X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=128:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        2841           2941         141          0.5        2219.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                         1035           1039           5          1.2         808.6       2.7X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=256:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        7282           7372         126          0.4        2844.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                         3490           3560          99          0.7        1363.1       2.1X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=512:                       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       21272          21287          21          0.2        4154.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                        12509          12760         355          0.4        2443.1       1.7X


================================================================================================
Union plain (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union plain, N=1024:                      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       71083          71242         225          0.1        6941.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                        50694          52393        2403          0.2        4950.6       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=2:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          16             20           3          1.2         820.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                           15             17           2          1.3         745.6       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=4:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          23             26           3          1.7         582.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                           22             24           3          1.8         543.2       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=8:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          42             46           3          1.9         522.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                           36             39           2          2.2         450.5       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=16:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          84             90           6          1.9         527.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                           71             75           4          2.3         442.3       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=32:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         194            202           9          1.7         605.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                          157            162           4          2.0         490.4       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=64:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1230           1233           4          0.5        1922.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                          407            412           4          1.6         635.2       3.0X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=128:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        2936           2944          11          0.4        2294.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                         1204           1218          20          1.1         940.6       2.4X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=256:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        7922           7955          47          0.3        3094.5       1.0X
codegen=on                                         4070           4106          51          0.6        1589.8       1.9X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=512:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       23551          23582          45          0.2        4599.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                        14854          15112         364          0.3        2901.3       1.6X


================================================================================================
Union type widening (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union type widening, N=1024:              Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       77463          77935         668          0.1        7564.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                        59960          61705        2468          0.2        5855.4       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=2:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          17             21           4          1.2         831.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                           15             18           2          1.3         772.4       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=4:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          27             29           3          1.5         664.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                           24             26           2          1.7         597.4       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=8:                 Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          48             51           2          1.7         604.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                           43             45           3          1.9         532.5       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=16:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          97            102           4          1.6         608.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                           83             87           3          1.9         521.8       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=32:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         225            233           6          1.4         703.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                          188            194           5          1.7         587.2       1.2X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=64:                Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1583           1648          92          0.4        2474.0       1.0X
codegen=on                                          483            487           3          1.3         755.2       3.3X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=128:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        3933           3941          11          0.3        3072.8       1.0X
codegen=on                                         1399           1425          37          0.9        1093.0       2.8X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=256:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        9835           9873          53          0.3        3841.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                         4583           4650          95          0.6        1790.3       2.1X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=512:               Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       26998          27179         256          0.2        5273.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                        16455          16719         373          0.3        3213.9       1.6X


================================================================================================
Union per-child ops (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union per-child ops, N=1024:              Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       88874          88916          60          0.1        8679.1       1.0X
codegen=on                                        65006          67695        3803          0.2        6348.2       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=2)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=2:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          54             65           6          0.4        2708.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                           36             45           6          0.6        1776.2       1.5X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=4)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=4:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          60             76           9          0.7        1511.7       1.0X
codegen=on                                           48             57           7          0.8        1196.3       1.3X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=8)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=8:        Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                          80             94          12          1.0         995.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                           73             83           7          1.1         912.3       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=16)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=16:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         151            173          18          1.1         942.2       1.0X
codegen=on                                          136            148          13          1.2         852.9       1.1X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=32)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=32:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                         389            401          15          0.8        1215.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                          375            414          36          0.9        1170.7       1.0X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=64)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=64:       Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        1662           1667           6          0.4        2597.6       1.0X
codegen=on                                          771            786          20          0.8        1205.0       2.2X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=128)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=128:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                        4128           4158          42          0.3        3225.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                         2244           2247           5          0.6        1752.7       1.8X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=256)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=256:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       11367          11549         257          0.2        4440.4       1.0X
codegen=on                                         7226           7719         697          0.4        2822.5       1.6X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=512)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=512:      Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                       35591          35784         273          0.1        6951.3       1.0X
codegen=on                                        26016          26668         922          0.2        5081.3       1.4X


================================================================================================
Union + downstream aggregate (N=1024)
================================================================================================

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.19+10-LTS on Linux 6.17.0-1010-azure
AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
Union + downstream aggregate, N=1024:     Best Time(ms)   Avg Time(ms)   Stdev(ms)    Rate(M/s)   Per Row(ns)   Relative
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
codegen=off                                      121937         122855        1299          0.1       11907.9       1.0X
codegen=on                                       105631         109213        5066          0.1       10315.5       1.2X


